← Qaida Noorania
Lesson 05
Madd (Elongation) — المد
Madd means elongation of a vowel. Alif, Waw and Yaa following their matching vowel lengthen the sound for 2 counts.
Natural Madd — المد الطبيعي
Natural Madd (المد الطبيعي) — 2 counts. Occurs when a Madd letter follows its matching vowel with no Hamza or Sukoon after it.
اَ → ā|وُ → ū|يِ → ī
2 counts = 1 alif = approximately 1 second
اَ → ā
Madd Alif (ā — 2 counts)
Fatha + ا
Examples
مَالِك
Mālik
كِتَاب
Kitāb
قَالَ
Qāla
counts: 2
وُ → ū
Madd Waw (ū — 2 counts)
Damma + و
Examples
يَقُولُ
Yaqūlu
نُور
Nūr
رَسُول
Rasūl
counts: 2
يِ → ī
Madd Yaa (ī — 2 counts)
Kasra + ي
Examples
رَحِيم
Raḥīm
عَلِيم
ʿAlīm
كَبِير
Kabīr
counts: 2
In The Quran — Surah Al-Fatiha
الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
Madd Yaa in 'Raḥīm' — ī — 2 counts
مَٰلِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ
Madd Alif in 'Mālik' — ā — 2 counts
الصِّرَٰطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ
Madd Alif and Madd Yaa — 2 counts each